Parmigiano Reggiano, commonly referred to as Parmesan cheese, is a hard, granular cheese that is a popular ingredient in numerous Italian dishes. It is also considered one of the world’s most distinct and revered cheeses, with a rich flavor and an unmistakable aroma. However, with its increasing popularity, there has been a rise in counterfeit Parmesan cheese, which has led to a great deal of confusion among consumers.
In this article, we explore the question of whether it is possible to buy real Parmigiano Reggiano. We examine the challenges that consumers face, including how to identify genuine Parmesan cheese and avoid counterfeit products. Additionally, we delve into the key characteristics of this iconic cheese, its production process, and the regulations that govern its production, distribution, and sale.
Understanding the Origins of Parmigiano Reggiano Cheese
Parmigiano Reggiano cheese is a hard, nutty, and granular cheese that originates from the Parma and Reggio Emilia regions of Italy. It is considered one of the world’s most popular and expensive cheeses, known for its unique texture, distinctive taste, and high nutritional value. The cheese is made from raw cow’s milk, salt, and rennet, which is then aged for a minimum of 12 months to five years.
The origins of Parmigiano Reggiano date back to the medieval era of Italy, where it was first made by monks in monasteries. The process of making this cheese has remained largely unchanged since then, and it is still produced using traditional methods. Due to its high quality and strict production standards, Parmigiano Reggiano has a Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) status in the European Union, which means that only cheeses produced in specific regions of Italy and following specific production methods can legally be called Parmigiano Reggiano.
The Distinguishing Features of Authentic Parmigiano Reggiano
If you are looking to buy authentic Parmigiano Reggiano, it is important to know the distinguishing features that set it apart from imitations. Firstly, authentic Parmigiano Reggiano is always produced in the Emilia-Romagna region of Italy. This region includes the provinces of Parma, Reggio Emilia, Modena, Bologna, and Mantua. Only cheese produced in this area can legally be called Parmigiano Reggiano.
Another key feature of authentic Parmigiano Reggiano is the aging process. It must be aged for a minimum of 12 months, with some varieties aged for up to 36 months. During the aging process, the cheese is carefully inspected and turned regularly to ensure even aging. This results in a cheese with a hard, crystalline texture and a distinct nutty flavor that cannot be replicated by imitations. By understanding these distinguishing features, you can ensure that you are purchasing real Parmigiano Reggiano and not a cheap imitation.
The Risks of Buying Counterfeit Parmigiano Reggiano
The demand for Parmigiano Reggiano has steadily increased over the years, making it a popular target for counterfeiters. In fact, the European Union has estimated that around 10% of Parmigiano Reggiano sold outside of Italy is fake. The most common fraud is substituting genuine Parmigiano Reggiano with cheaper cheese varieties like Grana Padano or Pecorino Romano.
Consumers who unintentionally purchase counterfeit Parmigiano Reggiano products not only miss out on the authentic taste and texture but also risk consuming unhealthy additives and contaminants. Some counterfeiters use harmful chemicals like cellulose and potassium sorbate to artificially age the cheese to mimic its original taste and texture. To avoid the risk of purchasing a counterfeit product, it is essential to buy Parmigiano Reggiano only from authorized and certified retailers who can offer a guarantee of its authenticity.
Ways to Identify Real Parmigiano Reggiano in the Grocery Store
When shopping for Parmigiano Reggiano, it’s essential to know what to look for to ensure that you’re purchasing the real deal. Here are a few ways to identify the authenticity of real Parmigiano Reggiano in the grocery store.
Firstly, check the rind. Authentic Parmigiano Reggiano has a hard, textured rind with an imprinted dotted pattern. The rind should be marked with the words “Parmigiano Reggiano” and the identification number of the producer. Only authorized producers who follow strict regulations can label their cheese in this way. Additionally, the weight of the cheese is also mentioned, which should be between 66-88lb.
Secondly, observe the color and texture of the cheese. Authentic Parmigiano Reggiano is a pale straw or yellow color. It has a granular texture that crumbles easily, and there should be no visible holes in the cheese. The cheese should smell faintly nutty or fruity, without being pungent. By following these guidelines, you can be confident that you’re buying real Parmigiano Reggiano and not any imitations.
The Role of Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) in Parmigiano Reggiano Production
The Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) is a European Union certification that guarantees the origin and quality of a specific food product. Parmigiano Reggiano is one of the products that has been granted PDO status, which means that it must meet strict production criteria to bear its trademarked name. In addition, it must be made in the specific regions of Parma, Reggio Emilia, Modena, Bologna, and Mantua in Italy, using specific breeds of cows and following a traditional recipe that includes raw milk, natural rennet, and no additives or preservatives.
In addition to ensuring the authenticity of Parmigiano Reggiano, the PDO certification also protects the producers from imitators and counterfeits. It gives consumers the assurance that they are getting a genuine, high-quality product that has been made in the same way for centuries. As a result, consumers who are looking to buy real Parmigiano Reggiano should always look for the PDO certification label on the packaging, which confirms that the cheese has been made according to strict guidelines and is the real deal.
The Best Places to Buy Authentic Parmigiano Reggiano Online
If you are unable to travel to Italy to purchase Parmigiano Reggiano directly, fear not – there are a number of reliable online retailers that offer the real deal. Before buying, however, it is important to do your research and ensure that the seller is reputable and that the cheese is certified by the Consorzio Parmigiano Reggiano, the governing body that is responsible for ensuring the authenticity of this beloved Italian cheese.
One highly recommended online retailer is Gustiamo, which offers a wide selection of authentic Italian ingredients and is known for its commitment to small-scale producers and high-quality products. Murray’s Cheese is also a reputable seller of Parmigiano Reggiano, with a range of options available at varying price points. Other options include Di Bruno Bros., which has been selling Italian specialty foods since 1939, and Zingerman’s, which is known for its curated selection of artisanal foods. With a little bit of research and some careful consideration, you can buy authentic Parmigiano Reggiano online and enjoy the true taste of Italy in your own home.
How to Store and Serve Authentic Parmigiano Reggiano at Home.
Storing and serving authentic Parmigiano Reggiano at home requires proper care to maintain its quality and taste. The best way to store the cheese is by wrapping it in a damp cloth or paper towel and storing it in an airtight container. This helps to prevent the cheese from drying out and becoming hard. It should be stored in a cool and dark place with a temperature below 18°C.
When serving Parmigiano Reggiano, it is often grated or shaved onto dishes as a garnish or used as a standalone appetizer. It is best served at room temperature, so it should be removed from the fridge about an hour before serving. Avoid microwaving or heating the cheese as it can compromise the flavor and texture. Additionally, it is recommended to use a specialized Parmesan cheese grater to ensure the best results in flavor and texture. By following these steps, you can enjoy the authentic taste and texture of Parmigiano Reggiano in your own home.
The Conclusion
To sum up, it is possible to buy real Parmigiano Reggiano, but it requires some effort and knowledge. First, look for the PDO label, which guarantees that the cheese was made in the Parma, Reggio Emilia, Modena, Bologna, or Mantua regions of Italy, and follow the production rules established by the Consortium. Second, choose a reputable store or seller who can provide you with information about the cheese’s origin, age, and quality. Third, be prepared to pay a fair price for this artisanal product, which reflects the work of skilled farmers, cheesemakers, and affineurs.
Buying real Parmigiano Reggiano not only enhances the taste and health benefits of your food but also supports a cultural and ecological heritage that dates back to ancient times. By valuing authenticity and quality over convenience and mass consumption, we can preserve a tradition that embodies the values of craftsmanship, terroir, and sustainability. So next time you’re shopping for Parmigiano Reggiano, remember that you’re not just buying a cheese, but a slice of Italy’s history and identity.